ABSTRACT
A computational study to design a 2D-photonic crystal (PC) structure with a fluorescence-based biosensor has been demonstrated for the detection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-COV-2) virus in the lungs. The proposed sensor can detect the different concentrations of the virus without any pretreatment of the sample. The virus detection is performed by measuring the mid-gap wavelength from the dispersion diagram and a redshift in the mid-gap wavelength has been observed as the concentration of virus increases in the lung tissue. The plane wave expansion method is used to determine the dispersion diagram of the proposed PC. The interaction of incident light with the proposed PC-based biosensor has been analyzed to evaluate the shift in the mid-gap wavelength. A maximum sensitivity of about 1459.3 nm/RIU is obtained for r/a = 0.45 with a mid-gap wavelength shift of 145.93 nm at n net = 1.49 concentration of SARS-COV-2. Moreover, a very small detection time has been observed with the proposed device as compared to conventional methods. This study provides a simple process to detect the presence of a virus within a short period and could be helpful in the development of a direct and easy-to-use portable detection kit in the future. © 2023 IOP Publishing Ltd.
ABSTRACT
Aims: Medical students belong to frontline health care providers of future. Risk of COVID 19 exposure is more among medical students, and COVID 19 vaccination plays very crucial role for controlling COVID 19 pandemic. Hence, this study was planned with the objective to evaluate attitude of medical students towards COVID 19 pandemic and their vaccination status. Material(s) and Method(s): We conducted an online web-based survey among medical students of Madhya Pradesh, India. Online Google form-based Questionnaire was sent through WhatsApp groups, and responses were collected and analysed. Voluntary consent was obtained through from all the participants. Finding(s): A total of 516 medical students from different medical colleges of Madhya Pradesh voluntary participated in this study. Out of that majority of the participants were in 18-20 years' age groups, unmarried and belonged to rural areas. Most of them were worried about their MBBS studies due to COVID 19 pandemic. 71% of the medical students received two doses of the COVID 19 vaccination till 15the August, 2021. Conclusion(s): Medical students of Madhya Pradesh are worried about their MBBS course completion, examination and education shift towards online due to COVID 19 pandemic. There is a need of psychological counselling and awareness program regarding vaccination among medical students. Copyright © 2023, Dr Yashwant Research Labs Pvt Ltd. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
This study was done to assess the morphological changes in peripheral blood smears during COVID-19 infection .We aimed to examine the characteristics of the cells detected in the peripheral blood smear and bone marrow at the time of diagnosis in COVID-19 patients. Clinical features, laboratory data, peripheral blood smear of 35patients diagnosed with COVID-19 by PCR was evaluated at diagnosis. Peripheral smear samples of the patients were compared with the age and sex-matched 35 healthy controls. The relationship between the laboratory values of all patients and the duration of hospitalization was analyzed. Peripheral smear shows neutrophilic leucocytosis, lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia while Bone marrows were normocellular to hypercellular, most showing maturing trilineage hematopoiesis with myeloid left shift. In 09 out of 35 evaluable bone marrows, hemophagocytic histiocytes were identified.
ABSTRACT
Purpose The purpose of the study is to examine the moderating impact of absorptive capacity on the foreign direct investment (FDI)-growth link using the data for the period 1995-2019. Design/methodology/approach The authors apply the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model and threshold analysis for empirical analysis. Findings The findings indicate that the link between FDI and economic growth is influenced indirectly by absorptive capacities, such as financial development, institutional quality, technological capability, and trade openness. However, while examining the linear FDI-growth nexus, the authors noticed that human capital and infrastructure did not affect the relationship;when the non-linearity in the link is considered, the authors noted that all absorptive capacities (including human capital and infrastructure), when interacted with FDI, have a positive effect on growth. Furthermore, FDI stimulates growth if the absorptive capacities have exceeded a certain threshold level. Research limitations/implications From a practical standpoint, it is reasonable to conclude that improving absorptive capacities is critical in order to perceive FDI as a growth driver. Originality/value India has been able to position itself as a preferred destination for FDI (when the major economies are facing a sharp decline in FDI inflows) despite the Covid-19 pandemic. However, it still suffers from low growth. Although much of the literature admits that absorptive capacity is crucial for FDI to promote growth, no study in the case of India examines FDI-growth nexus conditioned upon absorptive capacity. Moreover, the authors have used threshold analysis for assessing the non-linearities in FDI-growth nexus contingent on absorptive capacity.
ABSTRACT
In this critical situations where people are fighting with dangerous pandemic disease;it is required to maintain the situation by indulging with social distancing or it can also be pronounced as physical distancing. Social or physical distancing may reflects to reduce the virus from spreading. There are several places where it should be followed properly to stop spreading COVID-19 like railway stations, malls, marts, airports and many more. It is advised to maintain at least 6 feet of social distancing as per the WHO guidelines. Various researches have been done to automatically detect the physical distancing violations but an ideal system should be available to detect it effectively with high level of accuracy. Here the system is based on PP-Yolo (PaddlePaddle - You only look once) and Tensorflow library. Tensorflow is an object detection or pattern recognition tool through which pedestrian can be detected automatically and then PP-Yolo classifies the distance between the pedestrians or classifying whether persons are following the physical distancing rule or not. Violation detection is bit challenging for any system because a crowd may have uncertain structures that can hardly classified distance among them. This challenge can be accepted through various researchers but not met the desired precision. Proposed system is intended to detect the physical distancing rule violations effectively and acquiring high level of accuracy with minimal false alarm rate. © 2022 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
Previously considered of meagre significance to the human race, coronaviruses have effectively evolved to jump the species barrier and cause widespread contagion in mankind. The SARS pandemic, the MERS situation in the middle - east and the ongoing COVID 201 9 epidemic are all attributed to this evolving virus. COVID 2019 is the seventh coronavirus isolated successfully and the third beta-coronavirus that causes a fatal illness in humans;the other two beta-coronaviruses being severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) CoV and middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS) CoV. Having a natural reservoir in bats these viruses infect humans through an intermediate host and then rapidly adapt and mutate for human to human transmissions. Four other known alpha coronaviruses cause only common cold in humans. Although mortality rate of COVID 2019 epidemic is lower at 2.5% than the previous two CoV outbreaks, that is, 9.6% in SARS and 34.4% in MERS, but rapid transmissibility points towards a sustained epidemic of epic proportions. In the absence of any specific treatment protocols and experimental vaccines still under research, management largely depends upon symptomatic therapy, strict infection control and quarantine measures. Restriction of human interactions with known animal sources of the virus as a measure of prevention is essentially required. Owing to huge genetic diversity and frequent genomic recombination, novel coronaviruses might emerge periodically, warranting the need for extensive research and development of effective treatments and vaccines.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 is a term related to the Corona Virus Disease that has been firstly detected in 2019. It severely spread all over the world and the very first case had been obtained in Wuhan, China at the middle of the December 2019. WHO (World Health Organization) alerts it throughout the world and declare it as a pandemic disease and need to cure by taking various steps. It is essential to recognize the positive cases as exactly on schedule as could be required to prevent the further spread of this scourge and to quickly treat affected patients. The necessity for collaborator suggestive instruments has extended as there are no exact electronic device compartments available. Late disclosures got using radiology imaging techniques suggest that such image contain striking information about the COVID-19 contamination. This paper is intended to consequently identify the lungs impedances due to COVID-19 with undeniable degree of accuracy without tolerating the false one. This framework utilizes Laplacian based edge detection calculation and Morphological Dilation. Laplacian helps to obtain the magnitudinal structure of the lungs as well as the impairments and morphological dilation is a method through which missing edges can be dilated in the image that enhances the precision rate of the system. Laplacian is a second order derivatives that calculate edges in a single pass, it uses single kernel instead of two kernels as all other edges detection does. © 2021 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
Previously considered of meagre significance to the human race, coronaviruses have effectively evolved to jump the species barrier and cause widespread contagion in mankind. The SARS pandemic, the MERS situation in the middle-east and the ongoing COVID 2019 epidemic are all attributed to this evolving virus. COVID 2019 is the seventh coronavirus isolated successfully and the third beta-coronavirus that causes a fatal illness in humans;the other two beta-coronaviruses being severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) CoV and middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS) CoV. Having a natural reservoir in bats these viruses infect humans through an intermediate host and then rapidly adapt and mutate for human to human transmissions. Four other known alpha coronaviruses cause only common cold in humans. Although mortality rate of COVID 2019 epidemic is lower at 2.5% than the previous two CoV outbreaks, that is, 9.6% in SARS and 34.4% in MERS, but rapid transmissibility points towards a sustained epidemic of epic proportions. In the absence of any specific treatment protocols and experimental vaccines still under research, management largely depends upon symptomatic therapy, strict infection control and quarantine measures. Restriction of human interactions with known animal sources of the virus as a measure of prevention is essentially required. Owing to huge genetic diversity and frequent genomic recombination, novel coronaviruses might emerge periodically, warranting the need for extensive research and development of effective treatments and vaccines. © 2020, Indian Association of Preventive and Social Medicine. All rights reserved.